Stess-induced DNA changes in plants Biosynthesis and metabolomics of natural products The isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants Studies on the ephemerals of Namakwaland Phytosociology, vegetation dynamics and conservation of the arid areas of southern Africa Phytosociology of the grassland and savanna biomes of South Africa Systematics, biogeography and utilisation of the southern African flora Plant population and vegetation dynamics The isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants Production of disease tolerant forest trees Studies of plant-pathogen interactions at the molecular level Mechanisticstudies of anti-TB compounds